Lubricating composition



Patented Oct. 13, 1942 UNITED ST PATENT oFF The Lubri-Zol Corporation,

corporation of Ohio Cleveland, Ohio, a

No Drawing. Application October 4, 1939, Serial No. 297,874

33 Claims.

This invention relates as indicated to certain new lubricatingcompositions having desirable properties not possessed by any previouslyavailable lubricant, as well as to certain previously known generaltypes of lubricants which, according to this invention; are so improvedthat they may be advantageously employed for purposes for which theyheretofore have not been practically useful.

A particular property required by many lubricants used today is anability to prevent seizure and scoring of relatively moving metallicsurfaces operating under extremely high pressures per unit area, in manycases considerably in excess of 10,000 pounds per square inch. Pressureson this order have long been encountered in the metal working industry,particularly in die drawing, sheet metal forming, etc. Lubricants forsuch uses have generally contained appreciable amounts of certainmaterials which are decidedly corrosive to the metals with which theyhave been used. Although dies had frequently to be replaced, suchcorrosion has been tolerated in order to achieve extreme pressurelubrication and could be tolerated only because the relatively movingmetallic surfaces lubricated .did not operate in contact with each otherfor any length of time and accordingly there was no appreciablecorrosion of the surfaces of the material being worked.

Most, if not all, of the presently known extreme pressure additionagents employed in lubricants rely upon one form or another of chemicalor physico-chemical action between the addition agent and the relativelymoving surfaces for the desired extreme pressure effect.

It is, generally true that those addition agents which most greatlyimprove the extreme pressure characteristics of the lubricant arelikewise the most chemically active. The sole fact that an additionagent very greatly improves the extreme pressure characteristics of theresultant composition does not in itself, therefore, render suchaddition agent desirable for all uses since its general corrosivecharacter may, by far, outweight the beneficial effector the same inimparting extreme pressure characteristics.

When a lubricant is used in the crank case or even the gear cases ofautomobiles and the like, such lubricant must not be normally chemicallyactive to any substantial degree. Otherwise the lubricant will eitherdestroy or at least render inoperative in a very short time the verymechanism it is desired to protect. As above pointed out, if thelubricant is to possess extreme pressure characteristics it must,however, under the conditions imposed by extreme pressures in use, "bechemically or physico-chemically active to a degree on the bearingsurfaces in order to prevent seizure and scoring of such surfaces.

In my issued Patent No. 1,986,651 I have provided one solution to thisproblem, by pointing out that the general stability of the halogenatedcarbon ring compounds is such that under ordinary conditions they willnot hydrolize' and cause undesirable corrosion but nevertheless underconditions of extreme pressure and relative movement of the bearingsurfaces they are sufficiently active to provide the desired extremepressure characteristics.

As above indicated, there are numerous materials which, on account oftheir chemical activity, are very effective in imparting extremepressure characteristics to a lubricating composition but in the pasthave not been generally usable for such purpose, particularly when thelubricant in which they are employed is to be used in gear boxes andcrank cases, and for the very reason of their chemical activity.

In the present-day processes for the refining of mineral lubricatingoils to render the same useful under all conditions generallyencountered in the field it is customary to carry such refiningprocesses to considerable length in order to insure the removal from thefinished lubricant of minor amounts of naturally occurring componentswhich, if not removed, would render the oil undesirably corrosive. Theserefining processes necessary to'thus insure the removal of all orsubstantially all of the naturally occurring corrosive componentsgenerally result, however, in a simultaneous removal or destruction ofcertain other valuable components in the oil, the absence or destructionof which materially decreases the efficiency and life of the lubricatingcomposition. In addition, in the case of solvent-refined lubricatingoils there sometimes remain small amounts of corrosive re-agents in theoils and certain naturally occurring corrosion inhibitors have beenremoved. All such refining processes are expensive.

It may also be desired to add certain corrosive organic compounds tolubricants to act as pourpoint depressors, anti-oxidants, agents .toimprove oiliness, etc. The advent of a suitable corrosion inhibitor thusgreatly enlarges the field of opportunity to improve lubricants in awide variety of ways.

It is a principal object of this invention, therefore, to provide alubricating composition which employs to advantage. the desirablecharacteristics ofthe lubricants or lubricant addition agents but insuch manner and in such form that the previously mentioned undesirablecharacteristics thereof are either entirely eliminated or reduced tosuch an extent as to be no longer objectionable.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a lubricatingcomposition containing a combination of addition agents in which theefiect' of at least one of such addition agents is to negabricating oilbase having tive the undesirable characteristics of the other and at thesame time cooperate therewith to improve to an exceptional degree itsdesirable properties.

It is a still further object of this invention to provide a lubricatingcomposition which employs as its primary constituent or base a lubricantor oil which heretofore has not been usable as such except uponextensive refinement, thus obtaining'a final composition which is notonly more economical to produce but whichalso has superior lubricatingproperties. I

Other objects of this invention will appear as the description proceeds.

To the accomplishment of 'the foregoing and related ends, thisinvention, then, means hereinafter fully described, and particu larlypointed out in the claims, the following description setting forth indetail certain approved combinations of ingredients embodying myinvention, such disclosed means constituting, however, but certain ofvarious forms inwhich the principle of the invention may be used.

This invention, broadly stated, comprises the use in lubricatingcompositions of suitable nitrogen and sulphur containing organiccorrosion inhibitors which render useful for general lubricatingpurposes compositions which hereto- .fore, due either to a naturallyoccurring corropresence of an intention-.

sive component or the ally added component, would not be thus generallyuseful.

A composition according to the present invention can best be describedby having reference to the component partsthereof and accordingly in thefollowing description such components will be described in substantiallythe order of their volumetric participation in the final composition.

The oil base The oil base, which in a lubricating. composition formed inaccordance with the present in vention usually amounts to from about 80%to of the totalcomposition, may be any produce a. base materialcontaining elements such as any of the halogens, more particularlychlorine, and sulphur and the like either in combined form as in thecase of the halogenated oils or in the form of stable colloidalsuspensions as in the case of certain compositions resulting from theheating with the oil of minor amounts of materials. such as .sulphur.

7 This invention also relates to the type of lubricating compositionsgenerally referredto as greases and which contain appreciable amounts ofsome thickening materials such as soap.

The viscosity of the oil base will usually depend upon two principalfactors, the first and most important of which is the use to which thefinished lubricating composition will be placed and of secondaryimportance is the effect of the particular addition agents employed uponthe viscosity of the oil base. For most purposes a lulow rateof changein viscosity per degree of tema low pour point and,

consists of the perature change of the lubricant will be most desirable.However, in this connection it should be pointed out that certain of theaddition agents contemplated in accordance with this invention areeffective to improve the cold test of most oils such as minerallubricating oils so that when such addition agents are employed a baseoil having a relatively poor cold test may, because of the improvementsin cold test by addition agents, be entirely satisfactory for use as abase in a composition according to this invention..

While the. so-called non-mineral oils above identified which areintended to include such oily liquids as the fatty acids, oleic acid,etc., are,

generally not as desirable for use as the base of the composition as amineral lubricating oil, nev

erthelesssuch non-mineral oils may be used to advantage as a substitutefor a part of themineral oil base particularly when certain propertiesusually resulting from the use of such nonmineral oilsare desired. Morspecifically, this invention contemplates the employment of minoramountsof certain of the non-mineral oils as a part of the oil base, andaccordingly a component of the final composition, in order to increasethe oiliness factor of the finished lubricant. While certain of theso-called non-mineral oils, as well as certain constituents which aresometimes found as naturally occurring components of mineral lubricatingoils would normally be so corrosive as to prohibittheir use inlubricants employed in crank cases temperatures and pressuresnevertheless the addition of are encountered, the corrosion in-'hibitors and stabilizers contemplated by this invention makes suchcomponents useful for these purposes.

The primary addition agent teristics of the resultant composition to theachievement of which these so-called primary addition agents are addedare generally extreme pressure characteristics, improved cold test,reduced sludge formation and the like.

The relatively unstable halogenated organic compounds which may beemployed as addition agents in accordance with the present invention andwhich, 'due to their less stable character, bydrolize readily in thepresence of the moisture usually found in lubricating oils and thusbecome corrosive or give up at least part of their combined halogen insome other way, are thehalogenated, or more specifically,.chlorinatedopen chain compounds, as well as certain of the less stable halogenated,or more specifically, chlorinated organic ring compounds, e. g.,' thoseformed by the addition compound with a halogen. 7

By corrosive addition agents are generally meant such compounds ascontain or will easily liberate a substance which will spontaneouslychlorine, and hydrogen chloride are typical ex amples of such activesubstances which may be thus released.

or the like where high reaction of an organic ring Although we do notintend this invention to be limited by any explanation or theory ofchemical action, the following is a brief exposition of the theory whichbest explains the ends obtained by this invention. It is believed thatmost corrosive action on metals is electrolytic, galvanic cells beingset up by the metal and small amounts of impurities containedtherein, orby the metals of an alloy, as on the surfaces of alloy bearings. Acorrosion inhibitor, according to this invention, is therefore an agentwhich will form protective insulating films on anodic surfaces or willkeep the immersion media at low oxygen concentrations in order toprevent depolarization of the deposited hydrogen which also provides aprotective film. Organic phosphates are thought to inhibit galvanicaction by forming protective films and amino compounds have the sameeffect by preventing the depolari-- zation of deposited hydrogen.Phosphites probably have both effects and this may account for theiroutstanding merit as corrosion inhibitors.

Any of the commonly available halogenated open chain compounds such asthe following are good examples of corrosive addition agents. They aredesirable as extreme pressure addition agents and some also tend tolower the pourpoint of the lubricant.

The aliphatic halogen compounds, e. g.

C2Cle CzHyClz 8- g.:

Cal-I013 Halogenated complex petroleum products.

In addition to the halogenated open chain compounds, we have also foundthat halogenated organic ring compounds of the addition type, of whichthe following are examples, are likewise well-suited for use incompositions in accordance with this invention:

Addition type aromatic compounds, e. g.

c noro HCl Naphthalene tetrachloride (35H;

Likewise certain halogen substitution products of which the followingare examples are more or less corrosive:

Substitution type aromatic compound, e. g.

Chlorbenzoic acid Chlornitrobenzene Benzyl chloride (CeHsCHzCl) Phenylethyl chloride (CaI-IsCI-lzCHzCl) Among the more or less corrosiveorganic sulphur compounds which are of especial advantage as extremepressure addition agents the following are representative examples:

Highly sulphurized polysulphides (where more than two S atoms are in onechain), e. g.

RS--SSR (where R is an organic group, for example an alkyl group such asbutyl or lauryl, or an aryl group such as phenyl or benzyl) Sulphurchloride treated oils, either mineral or non-mineral.

' Sulphur chloride treated fatty acids.

the oilines's: Oleic', stearic, and haphthenic acids are. good examples.

The amount of extreme pressure addition agent of any type which may beadded to the lubricant should not exceed about 20% by weight of thelubricating oil base since in most cases more would tend to undulydecrease the viscosity of the composition. For crank case lubricationabout .1% to 2%, based on the amount of oil, is a preferred range andfor gear lubrication about 1-10% is preferred. Of course, some compoundsare more active than others and smaller amounts are often effective,even less than .1%. When intended for use in top-oilers for automobilecylinders and the like a larger amount up to five or even ten per centis often desirable and for certain applications and certain additionagents the amount added may be much larger, up to about 20%, withoutunduly reducing the viscosity of the lubricant.

These limitations are also generally applicable to most of the types ofaddition agents commonly added to lubricating oils. It should be noted,however, that some compounds especially suit able for lowering thepour-point of lubricants need only be added in amounts considerably lessthan those indicated above.

The corrosion inhibitors These components of the finished lubricatingcomposition are generally referred to as corrosion inhibitors since theyare primarily employed for the purpose of rendering hon-corrosive eitherthe oil base or the primary addition agent, or the combination of thesame. It should be noted, however, that the components hereinbelow givenas representative examples of corrosion inhibitors which may be employedin accordance with this invention likewise have other desirableadvantages when used as components and in certain cases such otheradvantages may be of even greater importancethan their corrosioninhibiting characteristics.

These nitrogen and sulphur containing organic corrosion inhibitorcomponents should be soluble or miscible in the oil base and compatibletherewith. Specific examples of these corrosion inhibitors are asfollows:

Thiodiphenyl amine Benzyl thio'cyanate Thio-ureas, e. g.

Thiocarbanilide and related compounds, such as: i

(RR'N)2CS (whereR'and R are organic radicles or hydrogen), e. g.

Thio-urea, (NI-I2)2CS,

In general, a lubricating composition in accordance with my inventionmay comprise a major proportion of a suitable oil base of the characterabove defined and a total of an efiective amount up to 20% by weight,based on the amount of oil, of the previously named primary additionagents along with the necessary amount of the corrosion inhibitingagent. When the corrosion inhibiting agent is itself an extreme pressureaddition agent, then a corresponding smaller amount of the corrosiveagent need be added.

Generally a finished lubricating composition for uses such as a gearlubricant willpreferably contain greater amounts of the primary orextreme pressure addition agent than lubricating compositions designedfor use in the crank cases of internal combustion engines. Of course thetype of compound, its relative activity and the particular type ofgearing, for example, to be lubricated, determines in each case theproportions 'of the addition agents to be employed. In eneral, gearlubricants may contain from about 1% to about 10% of the primary orextreme pressure addition agent whereas crank case lubricants generallycontain from about to about 5% of the primary or extreme pressureaddition agents. These figures are merely intended to indicate therelative amounts of the primary addition agents which are employed fordifierent uses since entirely satisfactory crank case lubricants, forexample, may be prepared by the employment of from about to 2% of theprimary addition agent.

As previously indicated, the amount of secondary or corrosion inhibitingaddition agent varies depending upon the type of primary addition agentwith which it is combined, the type of base oil used in compounding thecomposition and the ultimate use for which the finished lubricant isdesigned. Broadly, the corrosion inhibitors will be found of utility inpercentage of from about .llill% to about 10%, although for most usesamounts of from .0l% to about 2% will be employed.

When most of the primary addition agents above identified are employedfor use in conventional extreme pressure lubricants, the corrosioninhibitor will be used in concentrations of about to about 1%. When theprimary addition agent is a halogen compound and the finishedlubricating composition is designed for use as a gear lubricant or crankcase lubricant, the corrosion inhibitor will generally be employed inpercentage of from about .1% to about 25%.

Both additioncomponents should of course be oil-soluble within thepercentages contemplated by this invention. By oiLsoIuble is also meantmiscible and capable of forming stable colloidal suspensions. In orderthat these compounds may not be lost by volatilization when thesecompounds are intended particularly for use in lubricants for internalcombustion engines they should be comparatively non-volatile, having p rpressures less than atmospheric at 140 C. and preferably at 17il C.

For the purpose of lubricating and reducing the friction between therelatively moving parts of an internal combustion engine, such as crankcase bearings, the addition compounds should be stable and preferablycapable of distillation at atmospheric pressure without appreciabledecomposition.

some of the more important uses of the various types of compoundsdisclosed in this application are the following:

(1) Metal drawing and forming operations (here the least stable and mostcorrosive compounds are permissible).

(2) Gears and bearings under conditions of extreme pressure (requiresmore stable materials than (1)).

(3) Motor oil for internal combustion engines (the active materialsshould be more stable than in (2)). (i) Top cylinder lubricants (onlywhere the active compounds are particularly stable).

This application is a continuation-in-part of my co-pending applicationsSerial No. 737,070, filed July 26, 1934, and Serial No. 119,132, filedJanuary 5, 1937.

Other modes oi applying the principle of my invention may be employedinstead of the one explained, change being made as regards the processherein disclosed or the materials em pioyed in carrying out the process,provided the step or steps stated by any of the following claims or theequivalent of such stated step or steps be employed.

i therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention:

1. An extreme pressure lubricating composition comprising a majorproportion of a, refined mineral lubricating OiL'the load carryingability of which is substantially increased by the incluslon therein ofa minor amount of a stable, oilsoluble extreme pressure addition agenthaving a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at C., the eiifectivenessof which is dependent upon its ability to chemically react with themetallic surfaces to be lubricated, said composition additionally havingincluded therein a minor amount of an oil-soluble organic nitrogen andsulphur containing corrosion inhibitor and being characterized by thefact that the inclusion of such corrosion inhibitor therein has notsubstantially decreased the extreme pressure properties imparted theretoby said extreme pressure addition agent.

2., An extreme pressure lubricating composition comprising a majorproportion of a refined mineral lubricating oil, the load carryingability of which is substantially increased by the inclusiontl'ierein ofa minor amount of a stable, oilsoluble extreme pressure addition agenthaving a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at C., the efiectivenessof which is dependent upon its ability to chemically react with themetallic surfaces to be lubricated, said composition additionally havingincluded therein a minor amount of an oil-soluble organic nitrogen andsulphur containing corrosion inhibitor and being characterized by thefact that the inclusion of such corrosion inhibitor therein has notsubstantially decreased the extreme pressure properties imparted theretoby said extreme pressure addition agent.

3. An extreme pressure lubricating composition comprising a majorproportion of a refined mineral lubricating oil, the load'carryingability of which is substantially increased by the inclusion therein ofa minor amount of a stable, oilsoluble halogen bearing organic extremepressure addition agent having a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at140 C., the effectiveness of which is dependent upon its ability tochemically react with the metallic surfaces to be lubricated, saidcomposition additionally having included therein a minor amount of anoil-soluble organic nitrogen and sulphur containing corrosion inhibitorand being characterized by the fact that the inclusion of such corrosioninhibitor therein has not substantially decreased the extreme pressureproperties imparted thereto by said extreme pressure addition agent.

4. An extreme pressure lubricating composition comprising a majorproportion of a refined mineral lubricating oil, the load carryingability of which is substantially increased by the inclusion therein ofa minor amount of a stable, oil-soluble chlorine bearing organic extremepressure addition agent having a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at170 C., the effectiveness of which is dependent upon its ability tochemically react with the metallic surfaces to be lubricated, saidcomposition additionally having included therein a minor amount of anoil-soluble organic nitrogen and sulphur containing corrosion inhibitorand being characterized by th fact that the inclusion of such corrosioninhibitor therein has not substantially decreased the extreme pressureproperties imparted thereto by said extreme pressure addition agent.

5. An extreme pressure lubricating composition comprising essentially arefined mineral lubricating oil which inherently possesses th propertiesof a satisfactory lubricant for metallic bearing surfaces operatingunder normal conditions wherein a substantially continuous film of suchoil functions as the lubricating medium between the bearing surfaces andwhich oil is also fortifled so as to function satisfactorily underconditions which tend to disrupt such continuous oil film by havingdissolved therein a small amount of a stable, oil soluble extremepressure addition agent the'effectiveness of which is dependent upon itsability to chemically react with the metallic surfaces to be lubricatedunder conditions of film rupture as above defined and such compositionbeing further characterized by the inclusion therein of a minor amountof an oil soluble organic nitrogen and sulphur containing corrosioninhibitor and by the further fact that the inclusion of such corrosioninhibitor has not substantially decreased the extreme pressureproperties imparted to the composition by said extreme pressure additionagent.

6. An extreme pressure lubricating composition comprising essentially arefined mineral lubricating oil which inherently possesses theproperties of a satisfactory lubricant for metallic bearing surfacesoperating under normal conditions where a substantially continuous filmof such oil functions as the lubricating medium between the bearingsurfaces and which oil is also fortified so as to functionsatisfactorily under conditions which tend to disrupt such continuousoil film by having dissolved therein a small amount, less than 20%,based on the amount of lubricating oil, of a stable, oil soluble halogenbearing-rganic extreme pressure addition agent the effectiveness ofwhich is dependent upon its ability to chemically react with themetallic surfaces to be lubricated under conditions of film rupture asabove defined and such composition being-further characterized by theinclusion therein of from about .05% to about of an oil soluble,

organic nitrogen and sulphur containing corrosion inhibitor having avapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140 C. and by the further factthat the inclusion of such corrosion inhibitor has not substantiallydecreased the extrem pressure properties imparted to the composition bysaid extreme pressure addition agent.

7. An extreme pressure lubricating composition from about .05% to about5% comprising essentially a refined mineral lubricating oil whichinherently possesses the properties of a satisfactory lubricant formetallic bearing surfaces operating 'under normal conditions where asubstantially continuous film of such oil functions as the lubricatingmedium between the bearing surfaces and which oil is also fortified soas to function satisfactorily under conditions which tend to disruptsuch continuous oil film by having dissolved therein from about .1% toabout 2%, based on the amount of lubricating oil, of a stable, oilsoluble halogen hearing organic extreme pressure addition agent theeffectiveness of which is dependent upon its ability to chemically reactwith the metallic surfaces to be lubricated under conditions of filmrupture as above defined and such composition being furthercharacterized by the inclusion therein of of an oil soluble organicnitrogen and sulphur containing corrosion inhibitor having a vaporpressure less than atmospheric at C; and by th further fact that theinclusion of such corrosion inhibitor has not substantially decreasedthe extreme pressure properties imparted to the composition by saidextreme pressure addition agent.

8. An extreme pressure lubricating composition comprising a majorproportion of a refined mineral lubricating oil, the load carryingability of which is substantially increased by the inclusion therein ofa minor amount of a stable, oil-soluble extreme pressure addition agenthaving a vapor pressure less'than atmospheric at 140 C., comprising ahalogenated organic ring compound the effectiveness of which isdependent upon its ability to chemically react with the metallicsurfaces to be lubricated, said composition additionally having includedtherein a minor amount of an oil-soluble organic corrosion inhibitorhaving a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140 0., comprising anorganic nitrogen and sulphur containing compound, and beingcharacterized by the fact that the inclusion of such corrosion inhibitortherein has not substantially decreased the extreme pressure propertiesimparted thereto by said extreme pressure addition agent.

9. An extreme pressure lubricating composition comprising a majorproportion of a refined mineral lubricating oil, the load carryingability of which is substantially increased by the inclusion therein ofa minor amount of a stable, oil-soluble extreme pressure addition agenthaving a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140 0., comprising ahalogen-bearing aromatic compound the effectiveness of which isdependent upon its ability to chemically react with the metallicsurfaces to be lubricated, said composition additionally having includedtherein a minor amount of an oil-soluble organic corrosion inhibitorhaving a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140 0., comprising anorganic nitrogen and sulphur containing compound, and beingcharacterized by the fact that the inclusion of such corrosion inhibitortherein has not substantially decreased the extreme pressure propertiesimparted thereto by said extreme pressure addition agent.

10. An extreme pressure lubricating composi-v tion comprising a majorproportion of a refined mineral lubricating oil, the load carryingability of which is substantially increased by the inclusion therein ofa minor amount of a stable, oil-soluble extreme pressure addition agenthaving a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140 0., comprising ahalogenated aromatic compound of the addition type the effectiveness ofwhich is dependent upon its ability to chemically react with themetallic surfaces to be lubricated, said composition additionally havingincluded therein a minor amount of an oil-soluble organic corrosioninhibitor havin a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140 (3.,comprising an organic nitrogen and sulphur containing compound, andbeing characterized by the fact that the inclusion of such corrosioninhibitor therein has not substantially decreased the extreme pressureproperties imparted thereto by said extreme pressure addition agent.

is substantially increased by the inclusion therein of a minor amount ofa stable, oil-soluble extreme pressure addition agent having-a vaporpressure less than atmospheric at 140 (3., comprising naphthalenetetrachloride the effectiveness of which is dependent to chemicallyreact with the metallic surfaces to be lubricated, said compositionadditionally having included therein a minor amount of an oilsolubleorganic corrosion inhibitor having a vapor pressure less thanatmospheric at 140 0., comprising an organic nitrogen and sulphur 12. Anextreme pressure lubricating composition comprising a major proportionof a refined vapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140C., comprising ahalogen-bearing aromatic compound of the substitution type theeffectiveness of which is dependent upon its ability to chemically reactwith the metallic surfaces to lubricated, said composition additionallyhaving included therein a minor amount of an oil-soluble organiccorrosion inhibitor having a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140C., compris an organic nitrogen and sulphur containing com-' pound, andbeing characterized by the fact that the inclusion of such corrosioninhibitor therein the extreme prespressure less than atmospheric at 1400., comprising a halogen-bearing aromatic compound containing analiphatic substituent the effectiveness of which is dependent upon itsability to chemically react with the metallic surfaces to be lubricated,said composition additionally having included therein a minor amount ofan oilsoluble brganic corrosion inhibitor having a vapor pressure lessthan atmospheric at 140 0., comprising an organic nitrogen and sulphurcontaining compound, and being characterized by the fact that theinclusion of such corrosion inhibitor therein has not substantiallydecreased the extremepressure properties imparted thereto by saidextreme pressure addition agent.

ing a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140 clusion thereinoil-soluble extreme pressure addition agent havmineral lubricating ofwhich is substantially increased by the in- V 0., comprising an aromaticsubstituted halogenated aliphatic compound the eifectiveness of which isdependent upon its ability to chemically react, with the metallicsurfaces to be lubricated, said composition additionally having includedtherein a minor amount 01' an oil-soluble organic corrosion inhibitorhaving a' vapor pressure less than atmospheric at C., comprising anorganic nitrogen and sulphur containing compound, and beingcharacterized by the fact that the inclusion of such corrosion inhibitortherein has not substantially decreased the extreme pressure propertiesimparted thereto by said extreme pres sure addition agent.

15. 'An extreme pressure lubricating composition comprising a majorproportion of a mineral lubricating oil, the load carrying of which issubstantially increased by' of a minor amount of a stable, ing a vaporpressure less than atmospheric at 140 pound the effectiveness of whichis dependent upon its'ability to chemically react with the meimpartedthereto by said extreme pressure addition agent. i

16. An extreme pressure lubricating composition comprising a majorproportion of a refined oil, the load carrying ability clusion thereinof a'minor amount of a stable, oilsoluble extreme pressure additionagent having a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140 0.,comprising a compound of the type where R is an aromatic radicle; X is ahalogen; and X" and X'" are hydrogen, an organic radicle or a halogen;he effectiveness of which is demlnor amount inhibitor having a vaporpressure less than atmospheric at 140 C., comprising an organic nitrogenand sulphur containing compound, and being characterized by the factthat the inclusion of which is substantially increased by the inanarylated chlor-aliphatic com to be lubricated, said composition tremepressure properties by said extreme pressure of a minor amount of astable, oilsoluble extreme pressure addition agent having a vaporpressure less than atmospheric at 140 C., comprising a compound in whichthe phenyl group has been substituted for a hydrogen atom of ahalogenated aliphatic compound the efiectiveness of which is chemicallyreact with the metallic surfaces to be lubricated, said compositionadditionally having included therein a minor amount of an oil-solubleorganic corrosion inhibitor having a vapor pressure less thanatmospheric at 140 C., comprising an organic nitrogen and sulphurcontainin compound, and being characterized by the fact that theinclusion of such corrosion inhibitor therein has not substantiallydecreased the eximparted thereto by said extreme pressure additionagent.

v 18.-An extreme pressure lubricating composition comprising a majorproportion of a refined mineral lubricating oil, the load carryingability of which is substantially increased by the inclusion therein ofa minor amount of a stable, oil-soluble extreme pressure addition agenthaving a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140 0., comprisingbenzyl chloride the effectiveness of which is dependent upon its abilityto chemically react with the metallic surfaces to be lubricated, saidcomposition additionally having included therein a minor amount of anclusion therein dependent upon its ability tooil-soluble organiccorrosion inhibitor having a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at 1400., comprising an organic nitrogen and sulphur containing compound, andbeing characterized by the fact that the inclusion of such corrosioninhibitor therein has not substantially decreased the extreme pressureproperties imparted thereto addition agent.

19. An extreme pressure lubricating composition comprising a majorproportion of a refined mineral lubricating oil, the load carryingability of which is substantially increased by the inclusion therein ofa minor amount of a stable, oil-soluble extreme pressure addition agenthaving a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140 0., comprisin ahalogen bearing aliphatic compound the effectiveness of which isdependent upon its ability to chemically react with the metallicsurfaces to be lubricated, said composition additionally having includedtherein a minor amount of an oil-soluble organic corrosion inhibitorhaving a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140 (3., comprising anorganic nitrogen and sulphur containing compound, and beingcharacterized by the fact that the inclusion of such corrosion inhibitorthereinhas not substantially decreased the extreme pressure propertiesimparted thereto by said extreme pressure addition agent.

20. An extreme pressure lubricating composition comprising a majorproportion of a refined mineral lubricating oil, the load carryingability of which is substantially increased by the inclusion therein ofa minor amount of a stable, oil-soluble extreme pressure addition agenthaving a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140 0., comprising ahalogen bearing aliphatic hydrocarbon the effectiveness of which isdependent upon its ability to chemically react with the metallicsurfaces to be lubricated, said composition additionally-having includedtherein a minor amount of an oilsoluble organic corrosion inhibitorhaving a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140 0., comprising anorganic nitrogen and sulphur containing compound, and beingcharacterized by the fact that the inclusion of such corrosion inhibitortherein has not substantially decreased the extreme pressure propertiesimparted thereto by said extreme pressure addition agent.

21. An extreme pressure lubricating composition comprising a majorproportion of a refined mineral lubricating oil, the load carryingability of which is substantially increased by the inclusion therein ofa minor amount of a stable, oil-soluble extreme pressure addition agenthaving a vap r pressureless than atmospheric at 140 0., comprising ahalogenated complex petroleum product the effectiveness of which isdependent upon its ability to chemically react with the metallicsurfaces to be lubricated, said composition additionally having includedtherein a minor amount of an oil-soluble organic corrosion inhibitorhaving a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140 0., comprising vanorganic nitrogen and sulphur containing compound, and beingcharacterized by the fact that the inclusion of such corrosion inhibitortherein has not substantially decreased the extreme pressure propertiesimparted thereto by said extreme pressure addition agent.

- 22. An extreme pressure lubricating composition comprising a majorproportion of a refined mineral lubricating oil, the load carryingability of which is substantially increased by the inclusion therein ofa minor amount of a stable, oil-soluble extreme pressure addition agenthavless than atmospheric at 140 C., the efiectiveness of which isdependent upon its ability to chemically react with the metallicsurfaces to be lubricated, said composition additionally having includedtherein a minor amount of an oil-soluble organic corrosion inhibitorhaving a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140 C., comprising athio-amine and being characterized by the fact that the inclusion ofsuch corrosion inhibitor therein has not substantially decreased theextreme pressure properties imparted thereto by said extreme pressureaddition agent.

23. An extreme pressure lubricating composition comprising a majorproportion of a refined mineral lubricating oil, the load carryingability amine, and

of which is substantially increased by the inclusion therein of a minoramount of a stable, oil-soluble extreme pressure addition agent having avapor pressure less than atmospheric at C., the efiectiveness of which,is dependent' upon its ability to the metallic surfaces to belubricated, said composition additionally having included therein aminor amount of an oil-soluble organic corrosion inhibitor having avapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140 C., comprising an arylthiobeing characterized by the fact that the inclusion of such corrosioninhibitor therein has not substantially decreased the extreme pressureproperties imparted thereto by said extreme pressure addition agent.

24. An extreme pressure lubricating composition comprising a majorproportion of a refined mineral lubricating oil, the load carryingability of which is substantially increased by the inclusion therein ofa minor amount of a stable, oil-soluble extreme pressure addition agenthaving a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140 C., theefiectiveness of which is dependent upon its ability to chemically reactwith the chemically react with of which is substantially increased bythe in-' clusion therein of a minor amount of a stable, oil-solubleextreme pressure I ing a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140 C.,the efiectiveness of which is dependent ability to chemically react withthe metalhc surfaces to be lubricated, said composition additionallyhaving. included therein a minor amount of an oil-soluble organiccorrosion inhibitor having a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140C., comprising thio diphenyl amine, and being characterized by the factthat the inclusion of such corrosion inhibitor therein has notsubstantially decreased the extreme pressure properties imparted theretoby said extreme pressure addition agent.

26. An extreme pressure lubricating composia vapor pressure less thanatmospheric at 140 C., the efiectiveness of which is dependent upon itsability to chemically react with the metallic surfaces to be lubricated,said composition additionally having included therein a minor amount ofan oil-soluble organic corrosion inhibitor having a vapor pressure lessthan atmospheric at 140 0., comprising benzyl thiocyanate, and being.

characterized by the fact that the inclusion of such corrosion inhibitortherein has not substantially decreased the extreme pressure propertiesimparted thereto by said extreme pressure addition agent.

27. An extreme pressure lubricating composition comprising a majorproportion of a. refined surfaces to be lubricated, said compositionaddie tionally having included therein a minor amount of an oil-solubleorganic corrosion inhibitor hava vapor pressure less than atmospheric at140 0., comprising a thio-urea, and being characterized by the fact thatthe inclusion of such corrothereto by said extreme pressure additionagent. 28. An extreme pressure lubricating composta major proportion ofa refined sion therein of a minor amount of a stable, oilsoluble extremepressure addition agent having a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at140 C., the efiectiveness of which is dependent upon its ability tochemically reactwith the'metallic addition agent havsurfaces to belubricated, said composition additionally having included therein aminor amount 01' an oil-soluble organic corrosion inhibitor having avapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140 0., comprising a compoundhaving the formulaz' (RR'N)2CS; where R and Rflare selected from organicradicles and hydrogen, and being characterized by the, fact that theinclusion of such corrosion inhibitor therein has not substanextremepressure properties said extreme pressure additially decreased theimparted thereto by tion agent.

a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at (2., comprising a halogenatedcomplex petroleum product, the efiectiveness of which is dependentparted thereto by troleum derivative.

pressure properties imparted thereto by said benzyl chloride.

thalene tetrachloride.

33. A new load carrying improving agent for lu ricating oils comprisinga major amount of a having a vapor pressure less than atmospheric at 140C., and the effectiveness of which as an extreme pressure surfaces, and

addition agent is dependent upon its ability to chemically react withmetallic from an effective amount, up to about 50%, based on the amountof said extreme Hereby enter this disclaimer to [Ofiicial Gazettepressure addition agent, of an oil-soluble organic nitrogen and sulphurcontaining corrosion inhibitor, the effectiveness of said extremepressure addition agent as such being substantially un- 5 impaired bythe presence of said corrosion inhibitor;

CARL F. PRU'I'I'ON.

D i S C L A i M E R December 15, 1942.]

Cleveland, Ohio. 1942. Disclaimer filed November 18, 1942, by

ee, The Lubr'i-Zol Corporation.

LUBBICATING COMPOSITION.

claims 26 and 30 of said patent.

DISCLAIMER and, Ohio. LUBRICATING COMPOSITION.

2,298,637.Carl F. Prutton, East Clevel Disclaimer filed November 18,1942, by

Patent dated October 13, 1942. thejnventor, and the assignee, TheLubr'i-Zol Corporation.

Hereby enter this disclaimer to claims 26 and 30 of said patent.

[Oflicial Gazette December 15, 1942.]

